“MORAC is very pleased to receive the GCI’s support for Bagan heritage conservation with its highest technology, expertise, and systematic approach,” says U Kyaw Oo Lwin, director general of the Department of Archaeology and National Museum. “We really appreciate the efforts and good will of the GCI team to make Bagan more sustainable. We will work together long term for the best protection of cultural heritage in Myanmar.”
Getty envisions that other regions of Southeast Asia will be able to learn from the conservation experience in Bagan. The project is part of Getty’s Ancient Worlds Now: A Future for the Past, a new global initiative to promote a greater understanding of the need to protect and save the world’s cultural heritage for future generations.
The Getty project will include a number of case studies that will be used to inform future conservation efforts in Bagan and elsewhere. One of the first buildings to be studied will be Myin-Pya-Gu, an expansive and picturesque temple that has been closed to the public for several years due to conservation concerns.
The Bagan region of Myanmar in Southeast Asia is known for the more than 3,500 ancient temples, pagodas, and monasteries that dot its landscape. These magnificent structures house an astonishing array of wall painting, sculpture, decoration, and inscription that are the surviving traces of a powerful empire.
Bagan was the first kingdom to unify the regions that would later become modern-day Myanmar. It is distinctive among Buddhist sites in Asia, not only for the number of its surviving buildings spanning 50 square kilometers, but the diversity of art and objects within them. There is archeological evidence dating back to the 2nd century, but the surviving monuments were built during Bagan’s golden period between the 11th and 13th centuries. It remains an important and active place of pilgrimage and worship, as many still reside in villages throughout the area.
Bagan has been continually plagued by earthquakes, the latest of which, in 2016, damaged more than 400 structures. The region also suffers from regular flooding, made even more frequent due to climate change. Tourism also poses a new set of challenges, with hotel construction and increased international interest creating additional pressures on the site.
Past Getty Conservation Institute projects have included a 30-year effort to conserve ancient Buddhist cave temples at the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, China, a ten-year project to conserve the tomb of King Tutankhamen in Egypt, and an ongoing exploration of ways to conserve seismically affected earthen architecture in Peru, among many others. All of these projects not only address conservation challenges faced by Getty partners, but are used to advance conservation in regions that face similar challenges.
“Getty is well-suited to embark on a project of this size and scope, since it is known for its ability to develop and maintain long-lasting partnerships with cultural heritage organizations all over the world,” says Susan Macdonald, head of Building and Sites for the Getty Conservation Institute. “The Getty in particular is renowned for its ability to offer sustainable, high-quality, and measurable conservation solutions that can be studied and implemented by professionals all over the world.”